Journal Title : Lantanida Journal ISSN : 2356-3133 (online) | 2548-9062 (print) Editor in Chief : Muhammad Reza Managing Editor : Saiful Azhari Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Frequency : 2 issues per year (June and December) Citation Analysis : DOAJ | Sinta | Google Scholar | Garuda Lantanida Journal is an open access journal providing authoritative source of scientific information for researchers, lecturer, teacher and student in academia, research institutions, government agencies, and industries. We publish original research papers, review articles and case studies focused on chemistry, chemistry education, and education development as well as related topics. In addition, this journal also addresses the issue of chemistry and chemistry educations research that is integrated with Islamic values. All papers are peer-reviewed by at least two referees with blind system review. Lantanida Journal is published and imprinted by Chemistry Education Department of UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh and managed to be issued twice in every volume per year. ISSN 2356-3133 (SK No. 0005.0151/JI.3.2/SK.ISSN/2014.07) e-ISSN 2548-9062 (SK No. 0005.0151/JI.3.2/SK.ISSN/2014.07) Lantanida Journal has become a CrossRef Member since 2019 and currently abstracted/indexed in Google Scholar, Sinta, DOAJ, Garuda, IPI, BASE, Copernicus Index and Moraref. Lantanida Journal has i10-index of 15, H-index of 12 and citations of 719 in Google Scholar. The History of Lantanida Journal was started by Chemistry Education Department of UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh. As a form of institutional commitment to the tri dharma of higher education for lecturers. Lecturer needs to publish the research in formed of an article or journal. The former of Lantanida Journal was created to accomodate the lecturer research. Lantanida Journal was registered in LIPI, on July 2014 and the online version was registered, on January 2017. Nowdays, Lantanida Journal is not only for lecturer but also accomodate the article from teacher, student and researcher worldwide. This journal is named Lantanida Journal. The name of Lantanida itself comes from the group of transition elements on Chemistry. Lantanida Journal was formed in 2013, and began releasing the first time with registered status in LIPI was Volume 2 Number 2, on July 2014. Office Address: Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Education and Teacher Training, State Islamic University of Ar-Raniry, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, 23111. email: lantanidajournal@ar-raniry.ac.id
Proposed Policy for Journals That Offer Open Access Authors who publish with Lantanida Journal agree to the following terms: a. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. b. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal. c. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
E-WORKSHEET EDIBLE STRAW BERBAHAN ALAM: INOVASI PERANGKAT PJBL BERORIENTASI ESD UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN LITERASI SAINS
The low level of science literacy among Indonesian students, as reflected in the 2022 PISA results with a score of 383, underscores the need for innovative, contextual, and meaningful learning materials. This study aims to develop an e-worksheet based on Project-Based Learning (PjBL) oriented toward Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) on the topic of making edible straws from natural materials as an effort to improve students’ science literacy. The method used is Design and Development Research (DDR) with three main stages: planning, production, and evaluation. Validation was conducted by four validators comprising two chemistry education lecturers and two high school chemistry teachers covering aspects of instructional alignment with PjBL syntax, grammar, layout, and content alignment with learning objectives. Validation results showed a score range of 87.50–100%, falling into the good to very good category. A limited feasibility test involved 18 12th-grade high school students divided into three groups. The results of the feasibility test showed that all PjBL syntax was implemented well, with the highest score in the monitoring stage (100%) and the lowest in the schedule preparation stage (69%). Overall, the developed e-worksheet is suitable for use as a learning tool to train students' scientific literacy in a contextual and meaningful way.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rida Nurul Fadillah, Hernani Hernani, Asep Supriatna https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS ETNOSAINS TERINTEGRASI VIRTUAL SIMULATION DAN AUGMENTED REALITY (ETNOVAR) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN 4C
The 4C skills (Critical Thinking, Collaboration, Communication, Creativity) are essential for navigating Industrial Revolution 4.0 and digital transformation, distinguishing human intelligence from automation. The 4C skills can create a generation that is independent, innovative, and adaptive to rapid change. Despite their importance, development often remains suboptimal due to poorly facilitated learning. This study aims to enhance these skills by developing EtnoVAR, a virtual simulation integrated with Augmented Reality based on the ethnoscience of making peuyeum. Using the ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluate) method with 28 grade XI science students, the research involved rigorous expert validation and needs analysis. The feasibility test yielded a score of 95% (highly valid). Effectiveness testing via N-gain reached 0.92, indicating high effectiveness. Furthermore, questionnaires confirmed a substantial increase in students' 4C skills and high satisfaction levels. In conclusion, EtnoVAR is highly effective in improving 4C skills. Its strength lies in merging cutting-edge technology with local culture, transforming abstract concepts into an engaging, practical learning experience. This innovation ensures students remain independent, innovative, and adaptive to global challenges.
Copyright (c) 2026 Qaddara Fahada, Muhammad Anugrah, Sephianti Dwika Ezha, Wiji Wiji https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
EVALUASI AKTIVITAS TABIR SURYA EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN GENJER (Limnocharis flava) SECARA SPEKTROFOTOMETRI
The dangers of ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure to skin health have triggered the need for safe natural sunscreen ingredients. This study aims to assess the efficacy of ethanol extract of genjer leaves (Limnocharis flava) as an active ingredient in sunscreen preparations, with an emphasis on the analysis of SPF values ​​and total flavonoid levels. The methodology used is an in vitro laboratory experiment. The extraction procedure was carried out through a maceration technique using 96% ethanol solvent (1:10 ratio). Flavonoid levels were measured using the AlCl3 colorimetric method with quercetin as the standard, while SPF calculations were carried out via a UV-Vis spectrophotometer in the range of 290–320 nm with varying levels of 200, 400, and 600 ppm. The research data revealed that the extract contained a total flavonoid content of 267.58 ± 1.21 mg QE/g with a yield of 18.2%. The study results confirmed a unidirectional correlation between the extract concentration level and skin protection power. The most optimal effectiveness was detected at a concentration of 600 ppm, which resulted in an SPF of 15.46 (ultra protection). Furthermore, the erythema transmission (%Te) value of 3.38% and pigmentation (%Tp) of 2.66% placed this extract in the sunscreen category. In conclusion, genjer leaves have very promising prospects as a natural sunscreen component due to their capability to absorb both UV-A and UV-B radiation simultaneously.
Copyright (c) 2026 Pipin Dwi Haryanti, Zenia Lutfi Kurniawati, Agung Rahmadani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
DEVELOPMENT AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT PEEL-OFF MASKS CONTAINING ETHANOL EXTRACT OF CURRY LEAVES
Curry leaves (Bergera koenigii) are widely recognized for their rich phytochemical content and antioxidant properties; however, their application as active ingredients in cosmetic delivery systems remains relatively underexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical profile and antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of B. koenigii leaves and to investigate its potential incorporation into a peel-off mask formulation through physicochemical characterization. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay, while formulation quality was evaluated through organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, spreadability, drying time, stability testing for 28 days, cycling test, and skin irritation assessment. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, steroids, and saponins. The ethanol extract exhibited very strong antioxidant activity with an value of 8.23 µg/mL, indicating a high free radical scavenging capacity. The formulated peel-off masks demonstrated stable physicochemical properties during storage, with viscosity values of 6,740–13,729 cPs, spreadability of 5.3–6.6 cm, drying time of 14.03–16.36 minutes, and pH values within the acceptable skin-compatible range (6.40–6.63). No irritation responses were observed in the preliminary skin test. These findings highlight the potential of B. koenigii ethanol extract as a promising natural antioxidant ingredient for peel-off mask cosmetic formulations.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tri Susanti Sirait, Yunda Fachrunniza, Desni Rinanda Silitonga, Sry Ulina Karo-Karo, Yulia Safitri Limbong http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
CHEMICAL PROFILING AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF Nannochloropsis oculata EXTRACTS AGAINST FOODBORNE PATHOGENS
Foodborne illnesses remain a public health concern in Indonesia, prompting the search for natural antibacterial agents. This study evaluated the antibacterial activity and chemical profile of Nannochloropsis oculata extracts against Listeria monocytogenes and Shigella flexneri. Microalgae were cultivated, and cell density was monitored using an Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectrophotometer. Biomass was harvested and extracted using chloroform–methanol, followed by compound identification through Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). Antibacterial activity was assessed using the disc diffusion method. A total of 1.3196 g of dry biomass was obtained. At 200 mg/mL, the extract produced inhibition zones of 8.40 ± 0.17 mm against L. monocytogenes and 8.83 ± 0.29 mm against S. flexneri. GC–MS analysis revealed fatty acid derivatives, predominantly methyl palmitoleate (26.47%). These findings provide preliminary insight into the antibacterial potential of N. oculata extracts; however, further quantitative and application-based studies are required to determine their practical relevance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Futi Kusuma Hati, Muktiningsih Nurjayadi, Irma Ratna Kartika, Nur Fadillah Adelia Azahra, Fadhila Shofi Albana, Afifah Aisyafitri, Dema Griseldis Aurellia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSOR FOR THE DETECTION OF HYDROQUINONE USING A CARBON PASTE ELECTRODE MODIFIED WITH MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLY(METHYL RED)
Copyright (c) 2025 Riskia Chandra Widianti, Yussy Pratiwi, Feni Mustika Sari, Arinda Putri Nurhaliza, Riky Afianto, Annisa Mulyanah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
STUDI KINETIKA DAN KINERJA FOTODEGRADASI METILEN BIRU OLEH KOMPOSIT TIO2/ELECTROCHEMICALLY EXFOLIATED GRAPHENE
Methylene blue (MB) is a persistent cationic dye that contributes to water pollution due to its high chemical stability and resistance to natural degradation. This study aims to evaluate and compare the photocatalytic degradation performance and kinetic behavior of TiO2/electrochemically exfoliated graphene (TiO2/EEG) and TiO2 pigment under direct sunlight irradiation. The TiO2/EEG composite was synthesized through a simple direct-mixing method, chosen for its practicality and ability to facilitate effective interfacial contact between TiO2 and EEG. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of O–H, C–O, and Ti–O–C functional groups, indicating chemical interactions between TiO2 and EEG. Photocatalytic degradation was monitored using UV–Vis spectroscopy over a 0–75 minutes irradiation period. After 60 minutes, TiO2/EEG degraded 78.55% of MB, whereas TiO₂ achieved 32.51%. The degradation followed a pseudo–first-order kinetic model, with rate constants of 0.01575 min⁻¹ for TiO2/EEG and 0.00342 min⁻¹ for TiO2, demonstrating that the composite accelerates MB degradation approximately five times faster. This enhancement is attributed to improved charge separation, higher adsorption capacity, and more efficient electron transfer facilitated by EEG. Although sunlight intensity was not controlled, the substantial performance gap confirms the potential of TiO2/EEG as an efficient, sunlight-driven photocatalyst for sustainable wastewater treatment
Copyright (c) 2025 Alvian Ikhsanul Fatya, Ahmad Raihan http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN LABORATORIUM VIRTUAL BERBASIS PROYEK SEBAGAI MEDIA BELAJAR PADA TOPIK GRAVIMETRI
The willingness of practicum is an important component in gravimetry learning which is procedural and involves scientific skills. The purpose of this study is to determine and evaluate UNIMED chemistry students' requirements for project-based virtual labs. This study employs a descriptive methodology that combines qualitative and quantitative techniques using gravimetry-related questionnaires and interviews. One lecturer and twenty-four chemistry study program participants who had completed analytical chemistry courses made up the study's respondents. Interview sheets, Google Forms-distributed requirements analysis questionnaires, and questionnaires examining utilized learning media were among the research tools. Descriptive data analysis was used to determine the needs of the students. The study's findings show that because gravimetry materials lack real laboratories, students require learning resources in the form of virtual laboratories as supporting media. The results of the interviews indicated that students were receptive to the creation of virtual laboratories. The needs analysis conducted through questionnaires revealed that students had a high demand for the creation of virtual laboratories, with media needs accounting for 82.50%, visualization and simulation for 85%, projects for 63.06%, and virtual laboratories for 75.17%. With a percentage of 60.66%, the findings of the examination of educational materials utilized in gravimetry instruction are classified as good.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nia Laras Julianingsih, Manihar Situmorang http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PEMBELAJARAN GREEN CHEMISTRY BERBASIS SUSTAINABLE-PjBL BERBANTUAN AUGMENTED REALITY
While its application in higher education is frequently limited by the lack of contextual and interactive teaching materials and engaging visualization of abstract concepts, green chemistry education is crucial for developing environmental awareness and sustainable attitudes among pre-service chemistry teachers. The objective of this work was to create a green chemistry learning module using augmented reality (AR) and Sustainable Project-Based Learning (S-PjBL). Purposive sampling was used to choose 28 pre-service chemistry teachers for the study, which used the ADDIE development model. Expert validation and user response questionnaires were used to collect data, and percentage average scores were used for quantitative analysis. The module received a 92.22% validation score from material experts and a 90.56% (very feasible) validation score from educational technology experts, according to the results. Lecturers scored 94.44% on practicality assessments, while students scored 90.12% (very practical). Students' comprehension of green chemistry, sustainable project implementation, and connections to actual environmental challenges were all bolstered by the program. To sum up, the AR-assisted S-PjBL green chemistry program is very realistic and useful for educating aspiring chemistry teachers. According to the results, combining S-PjBL with AR improves student engagement, fortifies 21st-century abilities, increases knowledge of green chemistry, and promotes high-quality education.
Copyright (c) 2025 Cyndi Prasetya, Maisarah, Yara Qumarani, Nazihan Fahira, Naila Wahyuni http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL ASSESSMENT TOOLS USING WORDWALL AND PLICKERS FOR CHEMISTRY LEARNING IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
This study addresses the need for interactive digital assessment tools in chemistry learning, where traditional evaluation often fails to engage students or provide immediate feedback. Wordwall and Plickers were selected as platforms because both are widely accessible and classroom-friendly, yet their effectiveness in formative evaluation has not been systematically compared. The purpose of this research was to develop and evaluate interactive assessments based on these two applications for high school chemistry. A Research and Development (R&D) approach was applied by combining the Borg & Gall and 4-D models. The process included four stages: (1) Define analyzing curriculum requirements and learner needs; (2) Design and construct interactive items and adapt them to Wordwall and Plickers; (3) Develop expert validation covering content accuracy, construct clarity, and usability, followed by revisions and limited trials; and (4) Disseminate large-scale implementation with 200 tenth-grade students from public high schools in Aceh Province. Instruments consisted of expert validation sheets, student response questionnaires (attractiveness, ease of use, and learning benefit), and pretest–posttest assessments. The results showed high validity (CVR = 0.90), positive student responses, and significant learning gains for both platforms (N-gain = 0.70 for Wordwall, 0.64 for Plickers). No significant difference was found between them (p = 0.252), indicating that both tools are valid, practical, and effective for formative assessment in chemistry learning.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ratih P. Sari, Hasby, Evolando H., Sri S. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS PROYEK PADA PEMBUATAN FACE TONER KEFIR BERAS MERAH (Oryza nivara) UNTUK MENGEMBANGKAN KINERJA ILMIAH
The low level of student engagement and scientific performance in chemistry learning necessitates an instructional approach that integrates contextual and practical aspects. This study aims to enhance student scientific performance through the implementation of project-based learning activities in the production of red rice kefir face toner (Oryza nivara) and to analyze the characteristics of the resulting face toner product. The research method used was pre-experimental with a One-Shot Case Study design, involving three groups of Grade XI of industrial pharmacy students. The research instruments consisted of activity observation sheets, project-based LKPD, scientific performance assessment sheets, and product characteristic assessment sheets. The determination of antioxidant potential was conducted using the DPPH method. The research results showed an increase in student activity in completing the project-based LKPD with an average score of 95, as well as significant development in scientific performance, with an average score of 93.75 (both in the “very good” category), including students' ability to design experiments, conduct experiments, collect data, and communicate. The analysis of the product characteristics yielded an average score of 98.8 (excellent category), and an IC50 value of 73.13 ppm, indicating that this face toner product has sufficiently strong antioxidant activity. These findings suggest that the implementation of project-based LKPD can enhance student engagement and scientific performance while producing innovative products needed by the industrial pharmacy department.
Copyright (c) 2025 Febiyuniesa Noorwahnov Akila http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
PENGEMBANGAN E-LKPD KALORIMETRI BERBASIS PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) MENGGUNAKAN LIVEWORKSHEETS
The lack of interactive teaching materials and students' difficulties in understanding concepts and calculations in calorimetry prompted the development of e-LKPD based on Problem-Based Learning (PBL) using Liveworksheets for class XI.1 students at Srijaya Negara High School, Palembang. This study aims to produce a valid, practical, and effective e-LKPD. The development follows the ADDIE model and includes Tessmer's formative evaluation stages: self-evaluation, expert review, one-to-one, small group, and field test. Data was collected through interviews with chemistry teachers, a needs analysis questionnaire administered to 35 students, a walkthrough with two experts who assessed the content, design, and pedagogical aspects, a practicality questionnaire administered to three students in the one-to-one stage and nine students in the small group stage, as well as pre-tests and post-tests administered to all 35 students. The validity test results showed an average validity score of 0.99, which falls into the very high category. The practicality of the e-LKPD in the one-to-one stage was 89.33% and in the small group stage was 91.82%. The effectiveness test results showed an N-Gain value of 0.80, which falls into the high category. Therefore, this e-LKPD is deemed valid, practical, and effective in enhancing students' understanding and engagement in calorimetry learning.
Copyright (c) 2025 meylina syarani, Andi Suharman, Sanjaya Sanjaya http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS PROJECT BASED LEARNING PADA MATERI TITRASI KOMPLEKSOMETRI
Research on developing project-based learning materials for complexometric titration materials is still rare, despite the fact that these materials have shown promising in chemical education. The objective of this project is to create a complexometric titration learning resource based on Project-Based Learning (PjBL) and assess its viability and efficacy in improving students' psychomotor abilities and learning outcomes. Using the ADDIE paradigm, the study used a Research and Development (R&D) methodology. The media, which includes instructive videos, digital resources, and a useful mini-project, was created with Adobe Flash CS6. 42 chemical education students from Universitas Negeri Medan (UNIMED) participated in a restricted trial after validation by two subject matter experts and two media experts. Subject matter experts and media experts gave the validation results an average score of 3.29 and 3.46, respectively, which both fell into the "highly feasible" category. During the implementation phase, the experimental class outperformed the control group in terms of learning outcomes (gain score of 0.722) and psychomotor skills (average score of 3.64). With an average score of 3.46, students' reactions to the media were likewise very favorable. These results demonstrate that the developed media is useful for enhancing students' engagement in learning complexometric titration, conceptual knowledge, and laboratory skills.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rafidah Almira Samosir, Mutia Ardila, Ekin Dwi Arif Kurniawan
THE IMPACT OF DISCOVERY LEARNING ON HIGHER-ORDER THINKING SKILLS IN CHEMISTRY: A META-ANALYSIS
This research examines the effect of the discovery learning model on higher-order thinking skills in chemistry subjects at the high school level in Indonesia with a total sample of 230 students. The research method is a meta-analysis study with a range of research data from 2015-2024 based on Google Scholar indexed by Sinta. Heterogeneity test analysis using JASP version 0.8.5 shows a τ² value of 0.236 and a τ value of 0.485, with an I² value approaching 100% (CI: 74.015%–98.358%). The results indicate a high level of heterogeneity (98.358%). Therefore, a random effects model is used in the analysis. The meta-analysis results suggest that discovery learning significantly affects higher-order thinking skills (z = 4.730; p < 0.001; 95% CI). Funnel plot and Egger's tests did not show publication bias, supported by a fail-safe N value 488. The results of this study reinforce empirical evidence that discovery learning is a practical approach to chemistry learning.
INTEGRASI DARTs DALAM PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR SEJARAH DAN FILSAFAT SAINS: UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEPTUAL MAHASISWA
The objective of this work is to enhance students' conceptual understanding by creating instructional materials based on the DARTs (Directed Activities Related to Texts) approach. The DARTs approach was selected because it may engage students in deep comprehension of scientific materials by assigning tasks including rearranging texts, filling in the blanks, and sequencing information. This study use the ADDIE model along with the research and development methodology. Thirty-five science education students enrolled in history and philosophy of science courses served as the study's subjects. Data collection instruments included concept understanding exams, student response questionnaires administered following instruction, and material and media expert validation questionnaires. According to the analysis's findings, the validator considered the instructional materials feasible in the following areas: the technical aspect received an average score of 3.6 with fairly good criteria, the construction aspect received an average score of 4 with a good category, and the didactic aspect received an average feasibility value of 3.9 with a good category. With very feasible criteria, the media expert's feasibility was 90%. The student response questionnaire yielded 94.05 in the material aspect, 91.22 in the presenting aspect, 92.29 in the graphics aspect, and 96.90 in the language aspect. The very practical category includes all four elements. The pretest and posttest were used to gauge the students' conceptual knowledge; the moderate criteria yielded an N-Gain score of 0.47. This demonstrates how incorporating DARTs approach into teaching materials for history and philosophy of science improves students' conceptual comprehension.
PENGEMBANGAN LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS (STEM) BERBASIS KEWIRAUSAHAAN UNTUK PROYEK KARTU MENU INFORMASI GIZI BUAH
The absence of worksheets that can encourage students' entrepreneurial spirit and promote the process of activity is one of the difficulties in implementing STEM education. The purpose of this study is to provide Student Worksheets (LKPD) for menu card projects that include details on the nutritional value of fruit and are based on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). The research and development technique is used in this study. The analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation phases are all included in the ADDIE development framework. Nevertheless, this article is restricted to the stage of development. A needs analysis questionnaire and a LKPD product quality assessment sheet were used as instruments for data collection. The findings demonstrated that the average scores for the expert validity evaluation of LKPD for face validity and content validity were 92.5% and 90%, respectively. With a very valid category, the overall validation result for the STEM-based LKPD combined with entrepreneurship is 91.25%. Consequently, experiments can be conducted using the created LKPD.
Copyright (c) 2025 Richa Purmaya Sari, Muhammad Adlim, Abdul Gani, Nur Akmalia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI N-HEKSANA KULIT BUAH KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.)
This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the n-hexane extract and fraction of cocoa pod husk against Staphylococcus aureus. The antibacterial was tested using the paper disc diffusion method. The results showed that the extract inhibited bacterial with inhibition zones of 7.13 ± 0.29; 8.58 ± 0.14; 9.60 ± 0.87; and 10.97 ± 0.08 mm at concentrations of 1%, 5%, 10%, and 20%, respectively. The fractionation process produced 9 fractions and the 9th fraction showed the greatest inhibitory activity with inhibition zone diameters of 7.42 ± 0.03; 9.22 ± 0.03; 10.43 ± 0.03; and 11.83 ± 0.03 mm at concentrations of 1%; 5%; 10%; and 20% respectively. Phytochemical analysis and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) showed the presence of terpenoid and steroid compounds. Based on the antibacterial activity exhibited by the extract and fraction, this plant shows potential to be developed as a source of natural antibacterials.
PENGARUH PENGEMBANGAN PENUNTUN DAN KIT PRAKTIKUM KIMIA TERINTEGRASI MODEL INKUIRI DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK
The aim of this study is to identify the validity of the practicum kit that has been developed, the validity of the chemistry practicum guide integrated with the inquiry model, and the impact of using chemistry practicum manuals and kits on student learning outcomes. This study was carried out to address a number of issues with the way chemistry practicum is implemented in schools, including a lack of resources and instruments, a procedural approach, and a low level of student participation. Participants in this study included practicum guides that were integrated with the Inquiry model, five chemistry teachers, two peer reviewers, two lecturers from Medan State University, and up to 22 MAS Muta'allimin Aceh Besar students in class XI MIA 1. According to the ADDIE framework, this experiment fits within the category of development research. Tests of student learning outcomes and validation sheets of practicum manuals and kits were used to gather data. SPSS 21 software was used to analyze the data using quantitative descriptive statistical techniques, such as normality tests and One Sample T-Test hypothesis testing. According to the results, the practicum kits and instructions created had an average score of 3.54, coming into the "very feasible" category. Furthermore, the average learning outcome for students using practicum kits and manuals is 3.54, coming into the "very feasible" category.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nur Akmalia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
EKSTRAK GLUKOMANAN UMBI SUWEG (Amorphophallus campanulatus) ASAL PIDIE JAYA SEBAGAI BAHAN SEDIAAN MASKER ORGANIK YANG DIPERKAYA SERBUK DAUN KELOR
The combination of D-mannose and D-glucose with β-1,4-glycosidic bonds with a ratio of 1.6:1 forms a straight chain polymer of glucomannan. Glucomannan flour is widely used in industry to make paper, adhesives, food ingredients, cosmetics, and cleaners. An organic mask preparation from glucomannan flour enriched with moringa leaf powder has been made from suweg tubers from Pidie Jaya, which is expected to be widely used, one of which is as a cosmetic ingredient. The purpose of this study was to determine the glucomannan content in suweg tubers from Pidie Jaya and to obtain the best formula of an organic mask based on panelist preferences. Glucomannan flour was extracted with 60% ethanol solvent and the glucomannan content test was carried out using the DNS method. The formulation of organic mask preparations includes glucomannan flour, moringa leaf powder, and H2O with different concentration ratios, namely F1 (50% glucomannan flour: 50% moringa leaf powder), F2 (75% glucomannan flour: 25% moringa leaf powder) and F3 (25% glucomannan flour: 75% moringa leaf powder). Then the physical properties were tested including pH test, homogeneity test, spreadability test, drying time test, and organoleptic test. The results of the study obtained a glucomannan content of 26.39%. The results of organoleptic testing showed that users preferred organic mask preparations from glucomannan flour enriched with moringa leaf powder formula F1 (50% glucomannan flour and 50% moringa leaf powder) both in terms of color, texture, odor/aroma, and general preference.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rahmad Rizki Fazli, Rosa Hendriani, Erlidawati Erlidawati, Mieke Alvionita
SOCIOSCIENTIFIC ISSUES AS A PEDAGOGICAL APPROACH TO FOSTER SCIENTIFIC ARGUMENTATION IN BIOPLASTIC PRODUCTION USING SUGARCANE BAGASSE
This study aims to develop students’ scientific argumentation through the implementation of socioscientific issues-based learning in the production of bioplastics from sugarcane bagasse (Saccharum officinarum). The method employed is pre-experimental with a one-shot case study design. The research subjects consisted of 36 eleventh-grade students from the Industrial Chemistry program at a vocational high school (SMK) in Cimahi City. The research instruments included student activity observation sheets, student worksheets, argumentation debates, and scientific argumentation tests. Students’ activities during the learning process showed excellent results, with an average score of 94. Meanwhile, their ability to complete the student worksheets achieved an average score of 98, both falling into the “very good” category. The majority of students’ oral argumentation was at level 2, which includes a claim supported by evidence without rebuttal. In contrast, the development of students’ written scientific argumentation after the implementation of socioscientific issues was at quality level 3, characterized by arguments that include weak rebuttals. These findings indicate that socioscientific issues-based learning can be effective in developing students’ scientific argumentation, although further instruction is needed to enhance students’ ability to present stronger, evidence-based rebuttals.
Copyright (c) 2025 Medina Fasya Salsafitri, Risa Rahmawati Sunarya, Imelda Helsy, Iis Dahriah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
EXTRACTION, PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT, AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF MISTLETOE ON OIL PALM (Ficus heteropleura Blume) LEAVES
Ficus heteropleura Blume, commonly known as mistletoe on oil palm, is a semi-parasitic plant that grows on oil palm trees. This study aimed to investigate the secondary metabolite profile, determine of total phenolic content, and evaluate antibacterial activity of ethyl acetate extract of F. heteropleura leaves. Extraction was performed using a grade maceration method. Qualitative phytochemical screening was conducted to identify major classes of secondary metabolites, and total phenolic content was quantitatively determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu method with gallic acid as the standard. Ethyl acetate extraction yielded 19.27 g of crude extract. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of steroids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. The total phenolic content was determined to be 35.730 mg GAE/g. UV-Vis spectrophotometric analysis showed characteristic absorption peaks at 475.0 nm and 432.8 nm, indicating the presence of phenolic pigments with conjugated C=O groups and a peak at 666.3 nm associated with chlorophyll, contributing to the green coloration. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of functional groups such as O–H, C≡C, C=O, C=C, and C–O. Antibacterial activity demonstrated that the ethyl acetate extract exhibited strong inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, with average inhibition zone diameters ranging from 5 to 10 mm, indicating strong antibacterial activity.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fauzia Hamiro, Fitra Perdana, Jufrizal Syahri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
FORMULASI SEDIAAN MASKER GEL DARI PATI JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays saccharata)
Corn is a popular ingredient in facial skin care products. Corn contains thiamine, which can dry wounds and eliminate acne scars that appear as holes on the face or black spots. Corn starch is made into a gel mask with the gelling ingredient hidroxy prophyl methyl cellulose (HPMC). This research intends to establish if a gel mask manufactured from sweet corn starch (Zea mays saccharata) can meet the requirements of the physical quality test assessment results, as well as the stability requirements. The research approach is experimental, employing a sample gathering methodology known as purposive sampling. The evaluation of gel mask preparations includes evaluating the physical quality of the preparations, irritant testing on 10 participants, and drying time tests on the preparations. The evaluation of the preparations revealed that all gel mask formulations were semi-solid gels with a yellowish white color and a distinct corny smell. The results were homogeneous, with an average pH of 7.5–7.7, spreadability of 5–7 cm, and viscosity of 22133-67566. The preparation also exhibited stable stability at room temperature and did not irritate volunteers' skin. Therefore, both the stability requirements and the physical quality test assessment results are satisfied by the preparation.
SINTESIS PUPUK LEPAS LAMBAT BERBASIS KITOSAN-BIOCHAR-UREA SEBAGAI MATERIAL POTENSIAL PELEPASAN NITROGEN
The fabrication of slow-release urea fertilizer beads using chitosan and chitosan-biochar as coating materials has been accomplished. The beads were synthesized by solidifying chitosan-urea and chitosan-biochar-urea hydrogels in a NaOH solution. Characterization of the chitosan-urea composite beads (BKU) and chitosan-biochar-urea beads (BKBU) was conducted through Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, along with water intake (swelling) and nitrogen release tests in aqueous media at time intervals of 24, 72, 120, and 168 hours. The FTIR spectra of BKU and BKBU beads displayed functional group peaks associated with biochar (hydroxyl and carboxylate), chitosan (amine and hydroxyl), and urea (amine and carbonyl), along with others supporting group. Water intake rates were 72% for BKU and 81% for BKBU, which impacted nitrogen release patterns. BKU exhibited a faster nitrogen release compared to BKBU, indicating that BKBU is more suitable for use as a slow-release fertilizer due to its more gradual nitrogen release mechanism
TEKNIK SUPERVISOR DALAM MENINGKATKAN PROSES PEMBELAJARAN DI SEKOLAH
Schools still face significant challenges in their learning activities, which are impacted by a number of variables, necessitating coaching and supervision. Supervisors, who might be school heads, senior instructors, or school supervisors, are responsible for overseeing and guiding learning in schools. Finding out the methods used by supervisors in classroom instruction is the aim of this study. This study chose 17 articles which were produced using the systematic literature review study methodology, which employed analysis methodologies during the identification, screening, eligibility, and inclusion phases. The study's findings show that supervisors can improve the learning process in schools by building a harmonious relationship between supervisors and teachers, making supervision plans, preparing supervision instruments, establishing supervision techniques, carrying out supervision completely, and creating a forum for teacher development activities.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN CARD SORT PADA MATERI UNSUR GOLONGAN UTAMA
Students' learning challenges brought on by an inadequate learning process served as the inspiration for this study. Students struggle to categorize alkaline, alkaline earth, halogen, and noble gas elements as a result. The activities, learning outcomes, and student reactions to the card sort learning model on the main group elements content are all intended to be described in this study. Descriptive study using a qualitative approach is the methodology employed. 21 students from SMAN 1 Krueng Barona Jaya's class XII MIA-2 chosen as the research subjects. Student activity observation sheets, test question sheets, and student answer questionnaires were the tools utilized in this study. Observing student activities in the first, second, third, and fourth meetings yielded results that fell into the good category: 71.02%, 75%, 78.26%, and 83.65%, respectively. 76.19% of students on average demonstrated competence of the learning goals. Eighty-three percent of students responded favorably to instruction utilizing the card sort learning model. Based on the study's findings, it can be said that using the card sort learning model with the primary group elements content can engage students in the learning process and help them master the subject matter. Additionally, students responded favorably to the use of the card sort learning model.
Copyright (c) 2024 Zulfadli Zulfadli, Zulfadli Zulfadli, Latifah Hanum, Muazzah Muazzah, Muazzah Muazzah
ANALISIS KESIAPAN GURU KIMIA DALAM MENGIMPLEMENTASIKAN MODUL AJAR BERBASIS KURIKULUM MERDEKA
In dealing with the Merdeka Curriculum revisions, teachers must not only be capable and competent in developing instructional modules that match the needs of students. Teachers must also be able to apply them effectively during the learning process. This offers a big difficulty to teachers. This study intends to investigate the preparation of chemistry teachers and the challenges they confront when adopting teaching modules based on the Merdeka Curriculum. In this instance, numerous attempts can be taken to improve chemistry teachers' readiness to confront the issues they face. This form of research is descriptive and takes a qualitative approach. The data collecting subjects are three chemistry teachers from a senior high school in Banda Aceh City. The research data was obtained using semi-structured interviews. The data analysis technique uses the Miles and Huberman method. According to the study's findings, chemistry teachers are unprepared to adopt Merdeka Curriculum-based teaching modules. Teachers recognize the Merdeka Curriculum's essential concepts but lack confidence in constructing teaching modules on their own. Chemistry teachers face challenges in implementing teaching modules based on the Merdeka Curriculum, including a lack of training provided by schools to enhance teachers' understanding and skills regarding the structure and implementation of the independent curriculum in the chemistry learning process. To overcome this issue, schools could organize Merdeka Curriculum training or workshops to help teachers enhance their skills. Furthermore, the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum demands efforts for coordination among teachers, school principals, and the school's educational office.
PENGARUH PERBEDAAN METODE MELT PROCESSING DAN SISTEM LARUT TERHADAP HASIL GRAFT KOPOLIMERISASI CYCLIC NATURAL RUBBER (CNR) DENGAN GLYCIDYL METHACRYLATE (GMA)
Although natural rubber has many good qualities, its commercial uses are limited by its low chemical reactivity and low heat stability. A derivative with better stability, Cyclic Natural Rubber (CNR), has to be chemically modified to increase its usefulness and broaden its range of applications. Investigating the effects of two different methods, the melt processing and solution system on the FTIR spectra of Cyclic Natural Rubber (CNR) graft copolymerization with Glycidyl Methacrylate (GMA) was the aim of this work. Additionally, an evaluation of the effect of Dicumyl Peroxide (DCP) and Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) initiators on grafting results was carried out. According to FTIR spectrum analysis, the carbonyl ester (C=O) peak at roughly 1721 cm⁻¹, indicating effective grafting, was more pronounced in the melt processing approach than in the solution procedure. This implied that melt processing resulted in higher grafting efficiency. The absorption bands in the C-H stretching region (2860-2921 cm⁻¹) and the C=C stretching area (1672 cm⁻¹) show that the underlying structure of CNR has not degraded. The carbonyl index values for each composition showed that BPO performed better than DCP in the melt treatment method, however DCP as an initiator in the solution system produced a higher grafting efficiency than BPO.
Copyright (c) 2024 eddiyanto Eddiyanto, Rezwan Mulya Sipahutar, Rezwan Mulya Sipahutar, Rezwan Mulya Sipahutar, Nurfajriani Nurfajriani, Nurfajriani Nurfajriani, Nurfajriani Nurfajriani, Ahmad Nasir Pulungan, Ahmad Nasir Pulungan, Ahmad Nasir Pulungan, herlinawati herlinawtati, herlinawati herlinawtati, herlinawati herlinawtati
EFEKTIVITAS FLIPBOOK NANOTEKNOLOGI BERBASIS ETNOSAINS TERINTEGRASI AUGMENTED REALITY DALAM MENDUKUNG PROGRAM SDGs UNTUK SISWA SMA
A flipbook with augmented reality based on ethnoscience, supported by Heyzine and Assembler, contains nanotechnology content for high school students. It is an interactive learning media in the form of an electronic book that contains photos, text, and animated content designed to assist students in learning the material through the visuals offered. Page flipping has a transition effect that helps students read each page and increases their learning use. Applied visual arts ethnoscience exemplifies the combination of community culture and science. Augmented reality is utilized to show objects in 3D and realistically related to the ethnoscience of applied fine arts in the Cirebon area, such as the scissor-grip home, megamendung batik, ceramics, masks, kujang, and paintings. The goal of this research is to develop digital teaching materials that can adjust to evolving technologies in order to increase educational quality. The data was collected using a quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design for a total of 30 students, which was then processed using the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) using descriptive statistics. This study found that students had good perceptions of the presence of a flipbook media with AR based on ethnoscience. Ethnoscience-based digital learning media can be used as interactive learning media because they provide precise visualizations of the concepts and conditions encountered during the learning process.
THE IMPLEMENTATION ONLINE AND OFFLINE LEARNING STRATEGIES IN INDONESIAN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
The world was very surprised by the existence of a new virus variant originating from China which we are usually familiar with as the Covid-19 Virus Variant. The Covid-19 virus is a threat to all corners of the world, this virus has forced the world to experience a global pandemic for the past few years. This type of research is a quantitative research type with data collection using a questionnaire. The methodology used in collecting research data this time was a survey of various teachers at high school of the same level in the cities of Banda Aceh and Aceh Besar. The purpose of using the survey method is to obtain accurate data on a group that is not limited to demographic information and is able to collect attitudes and beliefs in a population. This study used a data collection technique using random sampling consisting of 160 participants (23 men and 137 women) consisting of all teachers and school management in several high school schools in Banda Aceh and Aceh Besar. Online learning is also supported by students, teachers, school facilities and infrastructure that are ready to implement changes to the learning system imposed by the government. This is also supported by school facilities and infrastructure where schools already have good computers and have internet access that can be used in the online learning process
Copyright (c) 2024 Nurmalahayati Nurdin, Muhammad Ya’kub Aiyub Kadir, Amlisa Mutiandini Sipahutar, May Sintia Sipahutar, M Edo Ardiansyah, Zahrul Fuadi, Nasri Diana
PENGEMBANGAN LKPD INTERAKTIF BERBANTUAN LIVEWORKSHEETS PADA MATERI WUJUD ZAT DAN PERUBAHANNYA
In initial observations in class IV at SDN 3 Langsa, it was found that there were still many students who had difficulty understanding the matter and their changes material and they needed supporting digital teaching materials. Hence, this article aims to develop an interactive LKPD with the help of Live worksheets on the matter and their changes material. The development of the LKPD is carried out through four stages of the Thiagarajan or 4D model. At the define stage, reasons were found related to the need to develop interactive LKPD assisted by Live worksheets which provide learning assistance in the form of attractive visuals, experiment-based, and the use of digital technology. At the design stage, an interactive LKPD was designed with the help of Live worksheets on matter and their changes material in softcopy form. At the develop stage, validation is carried out with material experts, digital teaching materials experts and linguistic experts. In the first validation, an average score of 72.59% was obtained in the valid category and the product had to be improved according to the validator's suggestions, while the average score in the second validation was 92.42% in the very valid category so that the interactive LKPD was assisted by Live worksheets on matter and their changes material are well worth sharing. At the disseminate stage, the product is implemented and distributed in class IV of state elementary schools. This article also suggests that educators use LKPD according to the characteristics of the students and the characteristics of the subject so that effective and enjoyable learning can be carried out.
Copyright (c) 2024 Cyndi Prasetya, Maisarah Maisarah, Rinta Arianti Tanjung, Meriza Faradilla