Circuit: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Teknik Elektro
Journal title Circuit : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Teknik Elektro Editor in Chief Sadrina, M.Sc Frequency 2 issues per year (February and August) DOI prefix 10.22373 ISSN 2549-3701 (online) | 2549-3698 (print) Publisher Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh Indexed by SINTA | GOOGLE SCHOLAR | MORAREF | INDEX COPERNICUS Circuit : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Teknik Elektro is a double-blind peer-reviewed journal published by Electrical Engineering Education, Education and Teacher Training Faculty, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Indonesia. The journal publishes research articles, conceptual articles, and book reviews of Electrical and Engineering Education (see Focus and Scope). The articles of this journal are published twice a year; February and August. From the beginning of its publication in 2017, Circuit has been registered with Crossref. All articles published by Circuit have a DOI number. Circuit is also indexed by Google Scholar, Garuda, Moraref, BASE, and more indexing. In 2025, Circuit has been accredited by the Decree of the General Director of Strengthening Research and Development, Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia Number : 10/C/C3/DT.05.00/2025 (Sinta 4). Journal Secretariat: Building A, Electrical and Engineering Education Department, Education and Teacher Training Faculty, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Address: Syeikh Abul Rauf Street, Kopelma Darussalam Banda Aceh, Indonesia, Postal Code 23111. Email: jurnal.circuit@ar-raniry.ac.id
Authors who publish in CIRCUIT: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Teknik Elektro agree to the following terms: Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share and adapt the work with an acknowledgement of the authorship and initial publication in this journal Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work. (See The Effect of Open Acces)
Thermal Overload Relay Trainer Design for Electric Motor Control Practice
The limited availability of adequate practical learning media often poses a significant challenge for students in understanding the applied principles of electrical components, particularly the Thermal Overload Relay (TOR). This study aims to design, develop, and evaluate the feasibility of a TOR trainer as an innovative learning medium for electric motor control practicum. The research methodology employed is Research and Development (R&D), adapting the 4D development model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate), which was limited to the development stage. Data were collected using Likert-scale validation instruments involving media and subject matter experts. The analytical results indicate that the TOR trainer obtained an average validation score of 4.2, categorized as "Highly Feasible." Specifically, the validity testing yielded a feasibility percentage of 93.5% for the media aspect and 91.35% for the material design aspect. These findings demonstrate that the developed TOR trainer possesses superior presentation quality and is highly representative for use as a supporting medium in practical activities. The implementation of this media is expected to enhance student comprehension effectiveness and the overall quality of the learning process in electric motor control systems within technical education environments
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Ilham, Muhammad Rizal Fachri, Baihaqi http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Design of an Integrated IoT and Artificial Intelligence System for Fish Quality Degradation Diagnosis
In post-harvest handling, fish quality assessment is typically carried out using traditional sensory observations, which are potentially resulting in inconsistent diagnoses. Furthermore, prior research has not fully integrated the Internet of Things (IoT) with artificial intelligence for fish quality diagnostics, and it frequently concentrates on a single quality metric. This study aims to design and evaluate an integrated system based on IoT and artificial intelligence using a Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) approach for diagnosing fish quality degradation. The developed system utilizes IoT-based sensors to monitor physicochemical parameters, such as temperature, pH, and gas indicators, with real-time data transmission to a cloud platform. The collected data are analyzed using a CBR model as a decision support system. Performance evaluation was conducted using 120 testing data under controlled storage conditions and validated through expert assessment. The results show that the system achieves a diagnostic accuracy of 92.5%, with precision of 91.8%, recall of 93.2%, and an F1-score of 92.5%. In addition, the system has an average data transmission latency of 0.87 seconds, enabling near real-time diagnosis. These findings indicate that the system provides accurate and efficient diagnosis of fish quality degradation and supports post-harvest quality management
Copyright (c) 2026 Charis Fathul Hadi, Dewi Mutamimah, Firman Hidayat http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of New Students' Science Process Skills Readiness and Its Impact on Basic Physics 1 Learning Outcomes
Physics courses require mastery of Science Process Skills (SPS) as a foundation for developing conceptual understanding and scientific thinking skills. However, problems often exhibit heterogeneous practical skills due to differences in previous learning experiences. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the relationship between SPS and student learning outcomes in Basic Physics courses. This study used a quantitative approach with a correlational research design. A total sampling technique was used, involving 20 first-year students as participants. SPS data were collected through a science process skills test, while learning outcomes were obtained from final course grades. The results showed a significant positive relationship between SPS and learning outcomes, with a correlation coefficient of 0.431 (p = 0.029), indicating a fairly strong correlation. This indicates considerable variation in students' SPS levels, while academic grades tend to be relatively homogeneous. There is an imbalance between students' practical competencies and their cognitive achievements. In conclusion, SPS is significantly related to student learning outcomes in Basic Physics. Differences in SPS encourage the need for standardization of laboratory-based learning to improve the quality and equality of physics learning outcomes
Copyright (c) 2026 Afriyani, Juniar Afrida, Zahriah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Simulation of Fuzzy Logic Implementation in an IoT-Enabled Water Quality Monitoring System Using ESP8266
This research developed a water quality monitoring system using fuzzy logic and an ESP8266 microcontroller with temperature, humidity, pH, and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) sensors. The system processes data in real time by converting sensor values ​​into linguistic categories, then produces water quality that meets WHO standards. The system is also connected to an IoT platform to facilitate remote monitoring. Simulation results show that the system is able to recognize overlapping water conditions, for example, at pH 7.5 which falls into the "Good" and "Medium" categories simultaneously with different weights. With sensor conditions of 28°C temperature, 65% humidity, pH 7.5, and TDS 400 mg/L, the system produces a quality score of 12.6, indicating excellent water quality. Field testing and comparison with laboratory results show an accuracy level of up to 92%. Fuzzy logic has proven to be more reliable than simple threshold methods, especially when conditions change rapidly or sensors experience shifts. However, the system's results are highly dependent on sensor calibration and regulations need to be adjusted to standards in each region. The computational limitations of the ESP8266 also mean that fuzzy processing must be done on a computer or in the cloud.
Copyright (c) 2026 Indra Jaya, Muhammad Nawawi, ¬Hayati, Naila Eka Fazlin http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Design of a Turbine Emulator for a Pico-Hydrokinetic Power Generation System
Pico-Hydrokinetic Power Plants (PHKPP) utilize the kinetic energy of flowing water as a sustainable alternative to fossil-based energy. However, higher education remains largely theoretical due to limited laboratory facilities, restricted access, and inadequate simulation tools. This study develops a cost-effective PHKPP emulator to support experiential learning and represent real-world operating conditions. A quantitative approach is used, integrating the ADDIE model with experimental testing. The emulator consists of two independent units that simulate a turbine using a three-phase induction motor controlled by Variable Speed ​​Drives (VDRs), while power generation is achieved through a single-phase induction generator. Evaluation results indicate that the emulator effectively supports learning, enabling analysis of turbine performance, control strategies, and energy conversion efficiency. Student responses demonstrated a high level of acceptance, with an average score of 4.43 across all aspects of functionality, usability, relevance, and design. These findings confirm that the emulator effectively enhances conceptual understanding and is an appropriate learning solution for PHKPP learning
Copyright (c) 2026 M. Ikhsan, T.Alfi Muazim http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Design and Development of a Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Level Measurement Device Based on Arduino Uno and Near-Infrared (NIR) Sensor
Diabetes Mellitus is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Therefore, regular monitoring of blood sugar levels is very important to prevent complications. However, monitoring blood sugar using conventional-invasive methods can cause discomfort and risk causing infection. This study aims to design a non-invasive blood sugar level measuring device based on Arduino Uno R3 using a BPW34 Near-Infrared (NIR) sensor reinforced with an LM358 operational amplifier. The measurement results are displayed on a 16x2 LCD and sent via Telegram Bot in real-time. This study focused on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and was tested on 10 participants aged 18-45 years with some patients in fasting and some not fasting conditions. The test results showed good accuracy with a Mean Absolute Error of 2.48%, minimal systematic bias (-0.08%), and a very strong correlation coefficient (r = 0.996436) against invasive methods. All measurement data meets the tolerance criteria of ISO 15197:2013 with an error range of -4.55% to +3.16%, indicating that this tool has the potential to be a more convenient and safer alternative for initial blood sugar level screening
Copyright (c) 2026 Siti Baiturrohmah, Alfi Zuhriya Khoirunnisa http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Car Parking Monitoring System Based on Location Plate Detection Using Web Camera
This research aims to design a car parking monitoring system based on license plate detection using a webcam to improve efficiency and accuracy in parking area management. The scope of the research includes hardware design using an ESP32 microcontroller, ultrasonic sensors, proximity sensors, a 16x2 LCD, servo motors, and a thermal printer. The research methodology involves literature review, as well as laboratory testing and data validation. The system is evaluated based on its ability to accurately detect vehicle license plates, monitor parking space availability in real-time, and automatically record vehicle entry and exit data. Experimental results show that the system correctly detects, matches it with a database, and controls access to the parking area. All components operate within the specified voltage range, with measurement errors remaining below 5%. The system successfully records vehicle entry and exit times, and the website interface updates parking space availability in real-time based on sensor readings. In conclusion, the proposed system is effective in helping operators monitor slot availability, minimize vehicle placement errors, and simplify the parking process with automation
Copyright (c) 2026 Eko Saputra, Nina Paramytha IS, Endah Fitriani, Tamsir Ariyadi, Affan Hanif Ath Tarech http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Design of Hydroelectric Power Plant Demonstration Tools for Mentality Retarded Students
Children with disabilities often have difficulty understanding abstract concepts, requiring concrete and visually accessible learning media. The purpose of this study was to design and evaluate the feasibility of a Hydroelectric Power Plant (PLTA) demonstration tool as a science learning tool for children with intellectual disabilities. This study used a Research and Development (R&D) approach based on the Borg and Gall model. The developed PLTA demonstration tool uses simple and safe components, such as a water pump, dynamo, USB module, quick connector, and LED lights. Data were collected through expert validation conducted by Special School (SLB) teachers to assess the feasibility of the media and learning materials. The results showed that the demonstration tool met the feasibility criteria in terms of appearance, practicality, quality, and relevance to learning objectives. The media feasibility score reached an average of 95%, categorized as "very feasible," while the material feasibility scores also reached 95% in the same category. These findings indicate that the developed hydroelectric power plant demonstration tool is highly feasible and effective in supporting science learning for children with intellectual disabilities.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fashbir Is, Hari Anna Lastya http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of Student Interest in Using PSIM Trainers and Applications in Power Electronics Courses
Practicum in power electronics course is one of the courses that has an important role in understanding the basics of electrical energy conversion systems, and the use of educational technology based on teaching aids in the form of trainers and PSIM applications to improve students' understanding of the concepts taught. This study aims to determine the extent to which students are interested and feel helped by the use of trainers and PSIM applications in Power Electronics courses. The researcher used a qualitative method with a descriptive type. This study used an interview instrument. The subjects of this study were students of the Electrical Engineering Education study program at UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh who had taken the Power Electronics course, totaling 10 people. The results of the study showed that there was a comparison of the interests of Electrical Engineering Education students, namely out of 10 students, 7 of them were interested in using trainers and 3 of them were interested in PSIM application software. So from this study it was found that Electrical Engineering Education students were more interested in using trainers than PSIM application software in the Power Electronics course
Copyright (c) 2025 Marda Assyifa, Hari Anna Lastya http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Improving Students Skills In Assembling Electronic Circuits Through An Experiment-Based Problem-Solving Learning Model
This study aimed to improve student’s learning outcomes after participating in the learning process of Basic Electronics using the problem-solving learning model. The research was conducted at SMK Negeri 5 Banda Aceh during the 2024–2025 academic year. The research method employed was Classroom Action Research (CAR), which was carried out in two cycles. Each cycle consisted of four stages: planning, action, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this study were 15 eleventh-grade students. The research instrument used was a learning outcomes test in the form of a practical test. The results of the study indicated that the implementation of the problem-solving learning model was able to improve students’ learning outcomes. Of the 15 students, the achievement of the Minimum Mastery Criteria (KKM) showed an improvement, with the average learning outcome reaching 79% in Cycle I and increasing to 87.6% in Cycle II. This clearly demonstrates that students’ learning outcomes improved from Cycle I to Cycle II. Therefore, Cycle II met the indicators of learning outcome achievement.
Copyright (c) 2026 T. Aulia Rizky http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Utilization of Weak Artificial Intelligence for Interactive Learning
The use of artificial intelligence technology can be realized in various aspects, including in the learning process that implements weak artificial intelligence (gamma.app) as a newer, innovative and creative learning medium. This study aims to explore the use of gamma.app in creating a more interactive and effective learning experience in schools and to determine students' responses to AI. This study uses a quantitative approach with an experimental method with pre-test sheets, post-test sheets, and questionnaire sheets as research instruments. The experiment was conducted by utilizing weak artificial intelligence (gamma.app) during the learning process. This study shows that gamma.app can help teachers and students in creating interesting and communicative presentations, as well as increasing student engagement in the learning process. This is evident from the results of the pre-test and post-test sheets that there is a significant difference in the average score, namely pre-test 44.1% and post-test 65.1% as well as the achievement of learning objectives. The use of gamma.app can foster student activeness and creativity during learning. The results of student responses show that 93.5% strongly agree with the use of weak artificial intelligence for interactive learning
Copyright (c) 2025 Abdal Zikri, Hari Anna Lastya http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
IoT-Based Real-Time Monitoring and Control of Well Water Filtration
Controlling a well water filtration system via the internet is a modern solution in the industry 4.0 era to ensure optimal filter performance. This study aims to develop an IoT-based system to monitor and control well water filtration by measuring inlet and outlet pressures. The system uses two pressure sensors, one turbidity sensor, and five solenoid valves to regulate the filtration, backwashing, and rinsing processes. All components are integrated with a NodeMCU ESP32 microcontroller. The IoT user interface was developed using the Blynk application on an Android smartphone, which allows real-time monitoring and automatic notification when filter performance decreases. Experimental trials were conducted by gradually injecting turbid water with varying turbidity levels (low, medium, high) into the filter. The results showed that filter clogging caused an increase in inlet pressure and a decrease in outlet pressure. The backwashing and rinsing processes can be activated via a smartphone when the inlet pressure increases by 24%–45% and the outlet pressure decreases by 37%–72%. The turbidity of the filtered water remained within the range of 0.14–0.19 NTU, which is still below environmental health standards. This demonstrates that the developed IoT-based filtration system is effective for real-time monitoring and control of well water quality.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fitriady, Fakhruddin, Safwan, Effendi http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Design and Build Seawater Temperature and pH Measuring Equipment Microcontroller-Based
The quality of water in a body of water has a very important role in supporting the survival and sustainability of the organisms that live in it. One of the important indicators of seawater quality is the physical and chemical parameters, including seawater temperature and pH. Temperature is a measure of the energy of molecular movement that plays a crucial role in regulating biological processes and the distribution of organisms. Meanwhile, variations in pH values can cause changes and imbalances in CO₂ levels that may endanger marine ecosystems. The purpose of this research is to design and develop a microcontroller-based seawater temperature and pH measuring device using a DS18B20 temperature sensor and a 4502C pH sensor. The results show that the device can detect water quality parameters in real time with an average accuracy of 99% when compared to standard measuring instruments. This research concludes that the designed device is effective, reliable, and easy to use for monitoring seawater quality. The implication of this study is that it can provide a low-cost and practical solution for environmental monitoring, support sustainable marine resource management, and be further developed into an integrated system for wider applications.
Copyright (c) 2025 Roberto Patar Pasaribu, Roni Sewiko, R. Moh. Ismail, Liliek Soeprijadi, Iftinan Nabila http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Design of a One-Phase Induction Motor Forward and Reverse Trainer for The Electrical Motor Control Practicum Course
The Electrical Motor Control course is a crucial in learning about electric drive systems. However, the lack of representative often becomes an obstacle in the learning process. One phase forward reverse motor demonstration tool has never been present in the Electric Motor Control Practical. This study aims to design a forward and reverse single-phase induction motor trainer to be used as a learning medium in the Electrical Motor Control practicum. The research adopts a research and development (R&D) method using the Borg and Gall model, which includes the stages of problem identification, literature review, planning, product design, expert validation, and product revision. The validation instruments used in this study involved media experts and subject matter experts, with two experts in each field evaluating the feasibility of the forward and reverse single-phase induction motor trainer design. Based on the validation results, the material experts gave a score of 94% and the media experts gave a score of 86%, both of which fall into the "highly feasible" category for use in the Electrical Motor Control practicum course. It can be concluded that the developed single-phase forward-reverse induction motor trainer is suitable for use as a learning medium and has the potential to increase the effectiveness of Electric Motor Control practicums.
Copyright (c) 2025 Maulana Abdurrahman, Hari Anna Lastya, Muhammad Ikhsan http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Speed Measurement for Three-Phase Induction Motor Drive Based on Arduino Uno
This study aims to design and test a three-phase induction motor speed measurement device based on Arduino Uno. Three-phase induction motors are often used in industry because of their reliability, high efficiency, and easy maintenance. However, these motors have weaknesses, namely low starting torque and difficulty in regulating speed, which can cause operational instability. Therefore, this study developed an Arduino Uno-based control system capable of regulating motor speed by changing the frequency of the electrical supply. This research is quantitative in nature and uses an experimental method. The results of the study show that the designed device is capable of improving the stability and operational efficiency of three-phase induction motors. The use of an LM393 speed sensor aligned with the motor rotor allows the system to respond to load changes in real-time, maintain a constant speed, and reduce energy consumption. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the development of an Arduino Uno-based speed measurement device is effective in addressing the challenges of controlling the speed of a three-phase induction motor and has broad application potential in industry.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Haris, Mursyidin http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Motorcycle Security System Based on Rfid Technology Using the Indonesian Electronic Identity Card (E-KTP) as an Ignition Key
Motorcycle theft is one of the most frequent criminal acts in Indonesia and is closely related to the limitations of conventional vehicle security systems in preventing unauthorized access. This study proposes the design and implementation of a motorcycle security system based on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology that utilizes the Indonesian electronic identity card (e‑KTP) as an ignition key. The research employs a Research and Development (R&D) approach with the ADDIE model—Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation—to ensure a systematic and iterative development process. The proposed system consists of an RFID RC522 module, Arduino Uno microcontroller, relay‑based ignition switching, and an LM2596 step‑down DC–DC power regulator. Experimental testing shows a 100% authentication success rate for registered e‑KTP cards, with an effective reading distance of up to 2 cm. Non‑metallic enclosure materials have negligible impact on reading performance, whereas metallic materials significantly attenuate the RFID signal. These results indicate that the proposed design is effective and feasible as a low‑cost embedded security enhancement that integrates the national ID infrastructure into motorcycle access control
Copyright (c) 2026 Muji Wijaya http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Design and Construction of a Variable Speed Drive Trainer as a Learning Medium for Electric Motor Installation at SMKS Sinar Husni 2 TR Labuhan Deli
A persistent mismatch between vocational education outcomes and industry requirements presents a global challenge, often stemming from limited student exposure to modern industrial technologies. This study addresses the gap by designing, developing, and validating a cost-effective Variable Speed Drive (VSD) trainer as a practical and pedagogically appropriate learning medium. The research employed the waterfall development model, encompassing a structured process of needs analysis, system design, hardware implementation, and comprehensive evaluation to ensure the trainer’s feasibility and instructional effectiveness. The evaluation phase included expert validation and practicality testing with end-users. Validation results showed the VSD trainer and accompanying job sheet were rated “Highly Suitable,” with average scores of 3.67 from media experts and 3.63 from subject matter experts on a four-point Likert scale. Practicality scores were 3.61 from teachers and 3.38 from students, indicating strong usability and instructional relevance in real classroom settings. The findings suggest that the VSD trainer is a validated, scalable, and effective instructional solution that improves students’ conceptual understanding, practical skills, and motivation. These outcomes align vocational training more closely with industry demands. Further development integrating IoT-based remote monitoring is recommended to enhance the trainer’s functionality and relevance in digitally supported learning environments.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ricky Nelson Tampubolon, Muhammad Aulia Rahman, Felix Hizkia Simanjuntak http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Design of a Flood Detection System Using VL53L1X Sensor Based on SMS Gateway
Floods often occur suddenly, disrupting community activities, damaging infrastructure, and threatening human lives. Traditional flood monitoring methods, such as using rulers at dams or floodgates, are less effective because they cannot provide real-time alerts. Therefore, a more efficient and responsive system is needed. This research focuses on the design and development of a flood early detection system using the VL53L1X sensor integrated with an SMS Gateway. The system is capable of monitoring both water levels and rainfall in real-time and automatically sending notifications when potential flooding is detected. The study applies the ADDIE method—Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation—to ensure systematic development and testing. Based on experimental results, the system successfully measured water levels and rainfall while sending SMS notifications. In the first test, the water level was 29.8 cm with 19.25 mm of rainfall, categorized as safe. In the second test, the water level rose to 59.9 cm with 45 mm of rainfall, generating a warning alert. The third test showed a water level of 81.5 cm and rainfall of 47.75 mm, categorized as danger. The system demonstrated reliable performance, with an average notification delay of just three seconds, proving effective for early flood detection
Copyright (c) 2025 Yosi Riduas Hais, Fadhil Islah Hamganisyah, Edi Saputra http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Arima Modeling for High-Frequency Channel Response in Equatorial Region
Indonesia, an archipelagic country located along the equator, is highly vulnerable to natural disasters. At the same time, its geographical conditions require reliable telecommunications to strengthen connectivity across its many islands. One effective solution is the utilization of High-Frequency (HF) communication technology, which enables long-distance communication and supports broadcasting-based telecommunications. This approach can expand available frequency channels, making HF radio communication an important tool for disaster-prone regions like Indonesia. To optimize HF communication, researchers have developed various models of HF channel radio systems, often represented statistically and implemented through channel simulators. Among these approaches, the Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model has been identified as particularly suitable. This is because ARIMA can handle the non-stationary characteristics of time-series data, such as those found in HF channel attenuation measurements. In the modeling process, several ARIMA configurations were tested, including ARIMA (0,1,1), (0,0,5), (1,0,0), (1,0,1), (1,0,2), and (0,0,4). From these options, two models—ARIMA (1,0,0) and ARIMA (1,0,2)—showed the closest fit to the observed data. The final selection was made using the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), where the ARIMA (1,0,2) model emerged as the best. This model provides the most accurate representation for predicting HF channel attenuation, supporting more reliable telecommunications systems for Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2025 Indra Jaya, Muhammad Nawawi, Lukman Handoko ,Agry Alfiah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Performance Study of Single-Phase Self-Excited Induction Generator in Stand-Alone System
The performance of Self-Excited Induction Generators is significantly influenced by excitation conditions and load variations. One of the critical factors in maintaining voltage and frequency stability is the selection of an appropriate shunt capacitor to supply the required reactive power. This study investigates the impact of shunt capacitance variation on Self-Excited Induction Generators performance under different operating conditions. Experimental analysis is conducted to examine the relationship between shunt capacitance, terminal voltage, excitation current, and frequency stability at various load levels. The results demonstrate that increasing shunt capacitance enhances terminal voltage and excitation current. Furthermore, this study presents best practices for determining the excitation capacitance to ensure stable SEIG voltage generation in standalone power generation applications.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Ikhsan http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hospital Sterilization Room Door Interlock System Prototype Using Electric Contactors
Controlling access to sterile hospital rooms can be effectively managed using a secure and reliable interlock system based on electrical contactors, which ensures that only one door is open at a time to prevent cross-contamination. This study aims to design and test a prototype of an interlock system for sterile room doors using an electrical contactor as the main controller. The research follows stages of design, testing, and performance evaluation. The system utilizes solenoid door locks controlled by contactors to automate door locking and opening. Testing focuses on measuring the output current of the contactors and the solenoid’s response time during door operations. Results show that contactor 1 outputs 7.63 mA, and contactor 2 outputs 7.64 mA. Solenoid door lock 1 has an average operating time of 0.80 seconds with a delay of 0.89 seconds, while solenoid 2 operates at 0.96 seconds with a 0.97-second delay. The system demonstrates stable performance and complies with sterile room safety standards. It is suitable for hospital implementation and can be further enhanced with remote monitoring and automatic alarm features to improve operational supervision
Copyright (c) 2025 Suhir Ardiansyah, Muhammad Rizal Fachri, Fathiah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Evaluation of PDKB Performance's Impact on SAIDI SAIFI at PT. PLN UP3 Langsa
The reliability of the electricity distribution system is essential to ensure continuous service to consumers. Maintenance is necessary to uphold this reliability. However, on the SUTM (Medium Voltage Overhead Line) network, maintenance often requires power outages, causing losses for both consumers and the company due to undelivered electrical energy (kWh). This study aims to analyze the SAIDI and SAIFI values, as well as the amount of kWh before and after implementing PDKB (Live Line Maintenance) at PT PLN (Persero) UP3 Langsa. The research uses a quantitative descriptive method with data collected through observation and analysis of kWh, SAIDI, and SAIFI metrics. The results show that PDKB-based maintenance saved 1,457,823.97 kWh with a financial gain of Rp. 1,135,391,541.48. The SAIDI and SAIFI values were 819.456 minutes/customer and 9.29 times/customer, respectively. In contrast, maintenance without PDKB resulted in a loss of 3,921,103.2 kWh or Rp. 3,136,882,560, with higher SAIDI and SAIFI values of 1533.84 minutes/customer and 10.04 times/customer. These findings indicate that lower SAIDI and SAIFI values reflect improved service quality, enhancing the company’s image and reducing losses from power distribution interruptions
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhazir Is, Tarmizi, Ramzi Adriman
Prototype Design of Electronics Laboratory Door Security for PTE Department Using Arduino Nano Based E-KTP
The electronics laboratory of the PTE department still faces issues with conventional keys, limiting access control. To address this, a prototype door security system using e-KTP as an access key was developed through a quantitative experimental method. A system trial was carried out to evaluate the performance of the solenoid and LCD components. Seven e-KTP samples were selected using random probability sampling. The system was built using an ATmega328 microcontroller on an Arduino Nano, with RFID as input and LCD and solenoid as outputs. An admin card was designated to manage user access, including registration and deletion. Testing results revealed an authentication success rate of 87.5%. The distance and response time of RFID reading showed 85.71% accuracy, with a response time of under 2 seconds and a maximum effective scanning distance of 2.5 cm. Additionally, metal was identified as the main obstacle to RFID signal transmission, with a success rate of 83.33% when tested with barrier materials. These results demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the e-KTP-based door security prototype for the PTE electronics laboratory
Copyright (c) 2025 Tutur Safa’at, Hari Anna Lastya, Muhammad Rizal Fachri
Efficiency Analysis of PV with Composed Peltier as a Coolant
Kebutuhan akan energi ramah lingkungan semakin meningkat. Energi matahari menawarkan solusi berkelanjutan yang melimpah. Namun, efisiensi panel surya (PV) sering terhambat oleh panas berlebih. Hal ini dapat menurunkan kinerja konversi daya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi PV dengan memanfaatkan sistem pendinginan berbasis efek Peltier sebagai solusi inovatif dalam mengatur suhu PV agar tetap stabil dan optimal. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah eksperimen langsung dengan membandingkan dua kondisi operasional PV, yaitu dengan pendinginan Peltier dan tanpa pendinginan. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi suhu PV, voltage (Vmp, VOC), arus (Imp), dan daya maksimum (Pmax) untuk setiap kondisi. Sistem pemantauan menggunakan perangkat seperti kamera pencitraan termal dan multimeter panel surya untuk mendapatkan hasil pengukuran yang akurat terkait dengan kinerja PV. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem pendingin Peltier mampu menurunkan suhu PV secara signifikan, sehingga daya listrik yang dihasilkan oleh PV meningkat. Pada suhu yang lebih rendah, PV dengan pendinginan Peltier menunjukkan efisiensi daya yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan PV tanpa pendinginan. Teknologi ini terbukti ramah lingkungan dan hemat energi, karena tidak memerlukan cairan pendingin atau komponen mekanis yang rumit. Sistem pendingin ini menawarkan alternatif berkelanjutan dalam manajemen suhu PV. Sistem ini dapat diterapkan secara luas untuk meningkatkan efisiensi energi panel surya dan mendukung penggunaan energi terbarukan yang optimal.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ahmad Naajih Syamsi Dhuha, Jamaaluddin Jamaaluddin, Syamsudduha Syahrorini, Izza Anshory
Performance Analysis Of Centrifugal End Suction Pump And Three Phase Induction Motor In The Distribution Pumping Station of PDAM Tirta Mountala, Aceh Besar Regency
This study evaluates the efficiency performance of the motor-pump system used by the regional water utility company to identify strategies for improving efficiency. The three-phase induction motor utilized is highly dependent on the quality of the supplied voltage. The primary focus of this research includes analyzing the efficiency performance of the system, examining the electrical parameters of the three-phase induction motor, which include voltage and current imbalance, power factor, and Specific Energy Consumption (SEC). Another focus is the optimization of the motor-pump system and estimating the potential energy savings and operational cost reductions achievable within one year. The research method involves measuring electrical and hydraulic parameters. Electrical parameters were measured using a 3-phase power analyzer (type DW-6195), which records current, voltage, frequency, power, and power factor. Hydraulic parameters were measured using an electromagnetic flow meter for flow rate readings, a manometer for pressure measurements, and a measuring tape to measure the water level in the reservoir tank. All measurement results were tabulated and further analyzed to evaluate the performance of electrical parameters and compare them to the hydraulic performance of the system. The results revealed that the efficiency of the PDAM motor-pump system is below 50%, indicating the need for a comprehensive system revitalization. An inspection of electrical parameters showed that voltage deviation is below 10%, voltage imbalance is below 5%, and current imbalance ranges between 5.65% and 7.35%. All electrical parameters comply with IEEE standards. The power factor, at 0.85, also meets electrical standards. The SEC value, below 0.44 kWh/m³, indicates potential energy efficiency. Based on the pump performance curve study, the pump system can be replaced with a pump unit that has a lower electrical power rating, reducing it from 75 kW to 55 kW, while maintaining its hydraulic performance. Implementing this revitalization is expected to save up to 172,800 kWh of energy per motor per year and reduce by 18.4%.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fathurrahman, Habibi Akbar, Ramdhan Halid Siregar, Rika Sri Utami, Mahdi Syukri, Muhammad Rizal Fachri, Malahayati http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Design and Development of a Monkey Repellent Device Based On Ultrasonic Waves at the Engineering Prayer Room, Malikussaleh University
The presence of wild monkeys in the Engineering Prayer Room at Malikussaleh University has become a severe problem for cleanliness and worship activities. Monkeys often damage equipment and disturb the comfort of pilgrims, causing material losses and threatening environmental cleanliness. Traditional methods to repel monkeys have proven ineffective for a long time, so technological solutions such as ultrasonic waves are needed. This study looked at the effects of using various ultrasonic frequencies on monkeys at multiple distances to determine their effective range of distraction. The results show higher frequencies cause more significant interference, especially at close range. At 23 kHz and 26 kHz, monkeys were only disturbed at a distance of 1 and 2 meters, without disturbance at 3 and 4 meters. The frequencies 29 kHz and 32 kHz show interference at a distance of 1 and 2 meters, with variations at 29 kHz at 3 meters. At 35 kHz, the monkeys were highly disturbed at 1 meter, disturbed at 2 meters, and slightly disturbed at 3 and 4 meters. The 38 kHz and 41 kHz frequencies cause significant interference at 1 and 2 meters, and interference is still felt at 3 and 4 meters. Thus, using frequencies above 30 kHz has proven effective in driving away monkeys up to a distance of 4 meters, with the highest intensity of interference at a distance of 1 to 2 meters. It is hoped that using ultrasonic technology can maintain cleanliness, safety, and comfort in prayer activities in prayer rooms and demonstrate commitment to sustainable and environmentally friendly solutions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Aldi Fadilah Isma, Kartika Kartika, Asran Asran, Misriana Misriana
Test Hybrid PV System Performance Against Load Variations
The depletion of fossil fuels has driven significant changes in the global electricity system. Solar Power Plants (PLTS) as a renewable energy source have shown the potential to contribute up to 25% of global electricity generation by 2050. The electricity system often experiences disturbances that can affect its performance and reliability. This study examines the performance of a 1.2 kW hybrid PV system under various load conditions. The system was tested with load variations of 2%, 7%, 22%, and 26% to assess its efficiency and performance. Despite a slight voltage drop of 4V Vac (-1.82%) at higher loads, the hybrid PV system consistently maintained a voltage range of 216-220V Vac, which meets the standard requirements. The system demonstrated high efficiency, averaging over 95%, with a peak efficiency reaching 98.5% at 2% load. These results confirm the effectiveness, safety, and reliability of the system under various load conditions. The findings are based on direct testing and measurements of a 1.2 kW hybrid PV system to evaluate the impact of load variations on its performance. The 1.2 kW hybrid PV system has been proven to be effective, safe and reliable in the face of load variations. These findings support the potential implementation of hybrid PV systems as a future renewable energy solution in the electricity sector
Copyright (c) 2024 Aripriharta, Muhammad Adib Amin, Sujito, Mohamad Rodhi Faiz, Muhammad Cahyo Bagaskoro, Suhiro Wongso Susilo, Saodah Omar
The Application of AVR Codevision Software in Microprocessor and Microcontroller Programming Subjects at Muhammadiyah Vocational School Banda Aceh
The rapid development of technology in the field of automation has emphasized the importance of understanding microprocessor and microcontroller programming among students. This research aims to investigate the influence of applying CodeVision AVR software on the learning outcomes of 11th-grade TAV students at SMK Muhammadiyah Banda Aceh. The CodeVision AVR software has the CodeWizard AVR feature, which makes it easier for beginners to create programs. This research uses the Classroom Action Research method with 3 cycles, and the research sample consists of 11th-grade TAV students. Data collection techniques include pre-tests, post-tests, group tests, and documentation. The research results show that the application of learning using CodeVision AVR software can improve students' learning outcomes. This can be seen from the average score obtained at the end of cycle III with an average score of 81.25. Meanwhile, in the group exam, the average score is 95.75. It can be concluded that there is an improvement in students' understanding and skills in the material taught through the AVR Application
Copyright (c) 2024 Malahayati, Amien Refnas Rais, Muhammad Rizal Fachri, Akhyar
Programmable Logic Controller Analog Input Learning Module: An Expert-Based Evaluation
This study aims to validate the analog input learning module of programmable logic controller (PLC). This module was developed using the OMRON CP1H PLC type which has analog input and analog output configurations. Scientific studies on the quality standards of learning modules are the basis for the development of this instrument. The content validity test was carried out by evaluation experts, while media and material experts evaluated the printed media and PLC material aspects. The results of the study showed an assessment of the media side with an average score of the format aspect of 14.5, the organizational aspect of 27.5, the shape and size of the letters of 13.0, and the consistency aspect of 29.5 which was categorized as "Very Eligible", while the average score of the attractiveness aspect was 22.0 and the space aspect of 12.5 was categorized as "Eligible". The assessment results from the material side with an average score of the self-instruction aspect of 57.0, the adaptive aspect of 6.5, and the user-friendly aspect of 14.0 which is categorized as "Very feasible", while the average score of the self-contained aspect of 13.5 and the stand-alone aspect of 6.5 is categorized as "Eligible". This module is considered feasible for learning PLC analog input with satisfactory assessment results.
Copyright (c) 2025 Miladiah Setio Wati, Totok Heru Tri Maryadi, Rohjai Badarudin, Vando Gusti Al Hakim http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Design and Construction of an Electric Whip for the Implementation of Criminal Law in Aceh
According to Qanun Jinayat, caning punishment in Aceh needs to be applied in a way that is both efficient and quantifiable. Designing an electric machine-based whipping device that controls the voltage (between 100 and 150 volts) according to the device's strength is the goal of the study. Using an experimental approach, this study displays the outcomes of 10 lashes at 100 volts for 10 seconds. It just takes 4.38 seconds at 150 volts. The punishments of khalwat (10–30 lashes), khamar (40–60 lashes), and zina (100 lashes) were used to test the system. The Aceh Jinayat law's concepts of justice and welfare are used to adjust the tension to the convict's circumstances. It is anticipated that this specially made whipping machine will be the most appropriate and compassionate way to administer caning punishment in Aceh. Therefore, this design provides a quantifiable, quick, and efficient method without disregarding the humanitarian element in Aceh's application of Islamic law.
Copyright (c) 2025 Faujan, Hari Anna Lastya, Muhammad Ikhsan